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J Gen Virol 5 (1969), 541-543; DOI 10.1099/0022-1317-5-4-541
© 1969 Society for General Microbiology
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Paradoxical Effect of Freund's Complete Adjuvant upon Transplantation Efficiency of Adenovirus-induced Tumour Cells

T. C. Alford and Ariel Hollinshead

Laboratory for Virus and Cancer Research The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. 20037, U.S.A.

R. J. Huebner

Viral Carcinogenesis Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014, U.S.A.

Adjuvants appear to act by creating a depot from which antigen is slowly released and by stimulating antibody-forming cells (Ehrich et al. 1945). Freund's adjuvant consists of an emulsion of water in paraffin oil stabilized by lanolin derivatives (Freund, Casalas-Ariet & Genghof, 1940). Its action is potentiated by adding dead mycobacteria or mycobacterial lipid (complete adjuvant) and Freund attributes the cellular response to the mycobacterial substance (Freund, 1956). Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) can produce delayed hypersensitivity of extreme severity to a foreign antigen and at times sensitize an animal to its own tissue (Freund, Thompson & Lipton, 1955) (auto-immunity). Transplantation and tumour immunity are chiefly of the cellular type (delayed hypersensitivity) and FCA appears to be an ideal agent to enhance such immunity. However, we observed increased tumour growth when hamsters were treated with FCA before challenge with adenovirus tumour cells. The present report describes this paradoxical enhancing effect.

Received 17 March 1969; accepted 20 May 1969.




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Copyright © 1969 by the Society for General Microbiology.