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Cell-mediated Immunity in Herpes Simplex Virus-infected Mice: Functional Analysis of Lymph Node Cells During Periods of Acute and Latent Infection, with Reference to Cytotoxic and Memory Cells

Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Laboratories Block, New Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K.

The functional characteristics of lymphoid cells were investigated during acute and latent infection of mice with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Cytotoxic T cells were found in the draining lymph node (DLN) 4 days p.i. and had reached maximum activity between 6 and 9 days. After the 12th day and during the period of latent infection (> 20 days) no cytotoxic cell activity was observed. Cytotoxic activity could only be detected when the lymphoid cells had been cultured for a period of 3 days. In general, the cell killing was specific for syngeneic infected target cells, although some killing of uninfected targets was observed. In contrast to the cytotoxic response, DLN cells responding to HSV in a proliferation assay were detected towards the end of the acute phase and at least up to 9 months thereafter. The significance of these observations for the pathogenesis of HSV is discussed.

Received 17 January 1980; accepted 4 March 1980.

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